The two main methods used to ensure the desired mechanical properties of steels and the correct balance according to the intended use are alloying and heat treatment. Alloying, in its simplest terms, is reinforcement made to the chemical composition of steel. Different properties of steel can be improved by adding elements such as Chromium, Nickel, Molybdenum, Manganese, Vanadium and many others. However, it should not be forgotten that while improving one feature, other features may be compromised.

At this point, metallurgical science examines this advantage-disadvantage balance, details it and offers solutions. Some steel grades, where this balance is met at the most effective points, are structurally stable and easy to procure, are in the back of the mind of everyone dealing with this business today. When we say tempering steel, there is no one who does not know 4140 and 5140 steels, or when it comes to case hardening steel, one of the first qualities that comes to mind is 8620 steel. On the other hand, heat treatment is a subject with completely different mechanics.